Cyber AB CMMC-CCA Dumps (V8.02) for Certified CMMC Assessor (CCA) Exam Preparation: First, Read the CMMC-CCA Free Dumps (Part 1, Q1-Q40) Online

1. When assessing a contractor's implementation of configuration management practices, you interview a system security manager to understand how best they have implemented CM.L2-3.4.4- Security Impact Analysis. They inform you that the contractor has a change review board that reviews any system changes and approves or rejects them. The system security manager is a member. Any configuration changes are tested, validated, and documented before installing them on the operational system. However, chatting with the development team, you learn that sometimes they patch vulnerabilities found by the penetration testing team without necessarily having to send recommended patches to the change review board. This is done to quickly address the vulnerabilities before they are exploited.

Which of the implementation strategies below can the contractor NOT use to be compliant with CM.L2-3.4.4-Security Impact Analysis?

2. You are assessing an OSC that uses various collaborative computing devices, such as video conferencing systems, networked whiteboards, and webcams, for remote meetings and presentations. During your assessment, you examine the OSC's collaborative device inventory and find they have identified and documented all collaborative computing devices. Most of the identified devices have indicators (e.g., LED lights) that notify users when the devices are in use.

The OSC has also implemented a policy prohibiting the remote activation of collaborative computing devices without user consent. However, you find that the web cameras can be activated remotely by authorized IT personnel for troubleshooting purposes.

Which of the following would be the most appropriate next step for the assessor to validate the organization's compliance with the practice?

3. After being selected for a C3PAO Assessment Team, you have been chosen as the Lead Assessor for an upcoming project involving an OSC that produces aircraft parts. Your C3PAO has assigned you various responsibilities.

Which of the following is NOT your responsibility as a Lead Assessor?

4. A mid-sized company specializing in machining is preparing to bid for an upcoming DoD contract to provide machined components crucial for defense systems. As CMMC compliance will be required, the company's top executives have invited you to assess their implementation of CMMC Level 2 requirements. During your visit to their environment of operations, you discover their production floor has several Computer Numerical Control (CNC) machines for precision machining, all of which are connected to a local network for data transfer and control. The CNC machines receive design files from a central server in the company's data center and communicate with a SCADA quality control system that monitors production metrics and performance. The central server hosts the design files, which are only accessible to authorized engineers and operators and backed up in an Amazon EBS cloud instance to ensure availability across the company's multiple machining shops in different states. Furthermore, the company allows employees to upload designs to the server remotely using VPNs and virtual desktop instances.

What type of environment is the CNC machining shop?

5. A C3PAO and OSC have agreed to proceed with CMMC assessment planning. The OSC assessment official and the C3PAO are working to determine the planning details and purview of the Assessment, which includes scoping.

Who is responsible for initially determining the CMMC Assessment Scope?

6. When interviewing a contractor’s CISO, they inform you they have documented procedures addressing security assessment planning in their security assessment and authorization policy. The policy indicates the contractor undergoes regular security audits and penetration testing to assess the posture of its security controls every ten months. The policy also states that every four months the contractor tests its incident response plan and regularly updates its monitoring tools.

Impressed by the contractor's policy implementation, you decide to chat with various personnel involved in security functionalities. You realize that although it is documented in the policy, the contractor has not audited their security systems in over two years.

Which action would best address the identified gap in the contractor's implementation of CA.L2.3.12.1-Security Control Assessment?

7. A contractor allows for the use of mobile devices in contract performance. Some employees access designs and specifications classified as CUI on devices like tablets and smartphones. After assessing AC.L2-3.1.18-Mobile Device Connection, you find the contractor maintains a meticulous record of mobile devices that connect to its information systems. AC.L2.3.1.19-Encrypt CUI on Mobile, requires the contractor to implement measures to encrypt CUI on mobile devices and mobile computing platforms. The contractor uses device-based encryption where all data on a mobile device is encrypted.

Which of the following personnel should you interview to determine how well the contractor has implemented AC.L2-3.1.19-Encrypt CUI on Mobile?

8. While examining an OSC's system design documentation, you notice they have implemented a CUI enclave and have a documented procedure addressing boundary protection. They have segmented their network into different zones, each having its own rules to allow or deny traffic. The OSC has implemented strict firewall rules that deny all incoming and outgoing traffic by default, only allowing specific traffic as required. The OSC has provisioned a state-of-the-art Intrusion Detection and Prevention System (IDPS) to block unrecognized traffic patterns automatically. During an interview with the network administrator, you realize that OSC uses a whitelisting approach to explicitly allow only certain IP addresses, domains, or services to communicate with their system. Their IT security team monitors network traffic to detect any unauthorized attempts to connect or communicate with their system. The scenario states that network traffic is monitored to detect unauthorized connection attempts.

Which of the following best describes the purpose of monitoring network traffic in the context of CMMC practice SC.L2-3.13.6-Network Communication by Exception?

9. Proper authentication is a key requirement of a secure system. To this end, you are assessing an OSC's implementation of IA.L2-3.5.3-Multifactor Authentication. The contractor has deployed Okta in their systems, integrated it into Active Directory (AD), and set up multifactor authentication (MFA). The OSC has documented all the privileged accounts, which must be authenticated through the MFA solution for any network or local access. Their procedures addressing user identification and authentication require everyone, privileged and nonprivileged, to be authenticated using multifactor authentication.

The OSC (Organization Seeking Certification) can produce the following evidence to show their compliance with IA.L2-3.5.3-Multifactor Authentication, EXCEPT?

Which evidence can the OSC (Organization Seeking Certification) NOT use as evidence to show their compliance with IA.L2-3.5.3-Multifactor Authentication?

10. You have been hired to assess a contractor's implementation of remote access capabilities for information systems that handle CUI. While interviewing the network administrator, you realize they perform privileged activities remotely when at alternate worksites.

In addition to identifying authorized privileged commands and security-relevant information, which of the following measures MUST the contractor consider to ensure compliance with CMMC practice AC.L2-3.1.15-Privileged Remote Access?

11. To comply with CMMC requirement IR.L2-3.6.3-Incident Response Testing, organizations seeking certification (OSCs) must have a plan to regularly test their ability to respond to cyber incidents. This testing ensures that OSCs can effectively identify, contain, and recover from security breaches.

Which evidence artifact can an OSC NOT cite to show compliance with the practice?

12. An OSC is about to convene an assessment kickoff meeting with the C3PAO Assessment Team. The team is considering the objectives of this meeting and whether it should include an examination of the OSC's evidence sufficiency.

What is NOT a reason for convening an assessment kickoff meeting?

13. You are the Lead Assessor assigned by your C3PAO to conduct a CMMC Assessment for a small manufacturing company, Precision Parts Inc. (PPI). During the initial coordination call with PPI's management team, you learn that PPI is a wholly-owned subsidiary of a larger corporation, Acme Manufacturing Holdings (AMH).

PPI operates as an independent business unit within AMH and has its own IT infrastructure and cybersecurity policies. You need to determine the appropriate corporate entity to be assessed as the "Organization Seeking Certification" (OSC).

If PPI outsources its payroll and human resources functions to an external service provider, HR Solutions, LLC, how would HR Solutions, LLC be categorized in the context of a CMMC assessment?

14. An OSC employs guards to protect the manufacturing shop where the magnetic radar-absorbing coating is manufactured. This specific coating is used by the Army for a particular fleet of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). The facility is under constant surveillance with the help of HD CCTVs.

Within the OSC's facilities, there is a Vector Network Analyzer (VNA) that measures the reflection and transmission properties of the coating over a range of frequencies. Guards protect the OSC's anechoic chamber, and anyone entering must use an iris scanner and sign a physical form detailing their name and reason for being there. At the door is a huge sign reading 'Authorized Personnel Only.'

Which of the following statements is true about handling the Vector Network Analyzer(VNA) in a CMMC assessment?

15. You decide to interview the IT security team to understand if and how a contractor has implemented audit failure alerting. You learn they have deployed AlienVault OSSIM, a feature-rich security information and event management (SIEM) tool. The SIEM tool has been configured to automatically alert system and network administrators if an event affects the audit logging process. Alerts are generated for the defined events that lead to failure in audit logging and can be found in the notification section of the SIEM portal. However, the alerts are sent to the specified personnel 24 hours after the occurrence of an event.

For the implementation of CMMC practices, how would you score AU.L2-3.3.4-Audit Failure Alerting?

16. During your assessment of an OSC's implementation of security engineering principles throughout its system and software development lifecycles, you review their policies and interview personnel. The OSC has a documented security architecture that includes high-level security requirements such as data encryption, least privilege access controls, and input validation. However, this guidance remains fairly general.

You then examine the system design documentation for a key application processing CUI. Although security requirements are mentioned, there is no evidence that specific security engineering techniques such as threat modeling, layered protections, or secure design patterns were employed during the design phase. Interviews with the development team reveal limited experience with advanced security engineering practices beyond basic secure coding. The team admits they did not perform activities like misuse case analysis, abuse case modeling, or attack surface reviews during the design process.

In further testing, you find that the OSC has established secure coding standards, conducts static code analysis, and performs penetration testing before production releases. However, there are no documented processes for incorporating explicit security engineering activities during the design and architecture phases.

Based on your assessment and the evidence provided by the OSC, how would you score the implementation of CMMC practice SC.L2-3.13.2-Security Engineering during the assessment?

17. You are a CCA with an active and good standing on the Cyber AB Marketplace. An OSC has contracted your C3PAO for a prospective CMMC Assessment. The OSC provides signal processing services for the DoD. You assisted the OSC in preparing for the upcoming CMMC assessment by conducting an initial evaluation of their implementation practices. With your background in cybersecurity and extensive experience, your C3PAO and Lead Assessor have selected you to join the Assessment Team.

Based on this scenario, which of the following is the most important factor for the C3PAO to consider when assigning assessors to the Assessment Team?

18. An Assessment Team is reviewing the network diagram provided by an OSC. The diagram will help the team understand how the OSC has set up assets across its network and determine whether it has implemented network separation and enclaves to protect its CUI. During the review, the team noticed the network diagram does not clearly delineate the boundaries between the enterprise and CUI environments, raising concerns about the assessment scope.

What should the Assessment Team do in this situation?

19. When validating an OSC's assessment scope, an Assessment Team learns that the proposed scope is too narrow. You also determine their asset categorization is mixed up.

What should the Assessment Team do?

20. A Defense Contractor is preparing for their upcoming CMMC Level 2 assessment. One of the key controls they need to address is CMMC practice MP.L2-3.8.5-Media Accountability, which deals with maintaining accountability for media containing CUI during transport outside controlled areas. The organization regularly needs to transport physical media, such as hard drives and backup tapes, between its primary data center and an off-site storage facility. In the past, they have simply used standard packaging and commercial shipping services to move this media.

Which of the following is NOT an assessment method for MP.L2-3.8.5-Media Accountability?

21. Two CCAs, John and Stella, are part of an Assessment Team conducting a CMMC assessment for an OSC, Blue Widgets Inc. During the assessment, John observes Stella interacting with key personnel from Blue Widgets Inc. He notices Stella appearing overly friendly and enthusiastic about other services their organization offers.

What should Stella have done when approached by the key personnel from the OSC about other services they offer?

22. You are assessing a contractor that develops software for air traffic control (ATC) systems. In reviewing their documentation, you find that a single engineer is responsible for designing new ATC system features, coding the software updates, testing the changes on the development network, and deploying the updates to the production ATC system for customer delivery.

What risks does this pose related to the separation of duties?

23. An OSC uses a third party in all system repairs and has hired an MSP for penetration testing. The third party comes for either adaptive, preventive, perfective, or corrective system maintenance every three months, and the penetration tester does so continuously. Whenever the third party comes for maintenance, there's no documentation of the issues they tackled. On the other hand, the penetration tester delivers meticulously detailed documentation per their contract with the OSC.

Based on this scenario, how would you score the contractor's implementation of MA.L2-3.7.1-Perform Maintenance?

24. During a CMMC assessment, the Lead Assessor, Emily, notices one of the CCAs on her team, Alex, seems overly critical and skeptical of the evidence presented by the OSC. Although the OSC demonstrates compliance with the required CMMC practices, Alex repeatedly questions the validity of the evidence and suggests the OSC is not meeting the criteria.

Concerned that Alex's behavior may be influenced by bias, Emily decides to address the issue directly. She recalls a previous incident in which Alex took a similar approach to evaluating practices and evidence, and shortly afterward, the OSC experienced a data breach.

What steps should Emily and, most importantly, the C3PAO have taken to prevent this eventuality?

25. A contractor has recently allowed its employees to work remotely. The employees can access CUI remotely through VPN with encrypted tunnels for remote access into their VDIs. The company has a variety of system components (servers, workstations, notebook computers, smartphones, and tablets)

that employees can access remotely. In your assessment, you also realize that some employees are using SSH to access information stored in cloud instances and server infrastructures that contain CUI.

Which of the following would be the MOST effective way to ensure that only authorized users and devices are connecting to the remote access system?

26. A contractor's system maintenance policy allows for non-local maintenance. It has implemented a strict access control policy, allowing only authorized personnel to initiate non-local maintenance sessions. The Access control policy is supported by using Common Access Cards (CACs) with automatic session timeouts to ensure maintenance connections are terminated when complete or inactive. The non-local maintenance team must use a secure VPN to establish connections with the contractor's facilities. However, people's identities or processes initiating the non-local maintenance sessions must be verified before authorization. The contractor also continually monitors active sessions to ensure they are legitimate and terminated after completion.

Which of the following evidence would NOT meet sufficiency and adequacy requirements to support a finding of Met?

27. Angela, a CCA, is conducting a CMMC assessment for Obsidian Technologies, the OSC. During the assessment, Angela learns her spouse owns a significant amount of stock in Obsidian Technologies, and she has not disclosed this information to Obsidian Technologies or the C3PAO.

Which CMMC CoPC guiding principle has Angela violated in this scenario?

28. Jane is a CCA leading a CMMC assessment for an OSC. During the evaluation, Jane discovers the OSC's Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) is a former colleague with whom she had a contentious relationship. Unbeknownst to the OSC, Jane still harbors resentment towards the CISO due to their previous conflicts. As the assessment progresses, Jane becomes increasingly critical of the CISO's security practices, scrutinizing every detail and finding fault despite the OSC's best efforts to demonstrate compliance.

Given this scenario, how can a Certified CMMC Assessor's personal bias impact the assessment of the OSC?

29. You are a CCA working for a C3PAO. An OSC has submitted a request for a CMMC Assessment, and the C3PAO is in the process of assigning a Lead Assessor for this engagement. As an experienced Assessor, you are being considered for the role of Lead Assessor.

Once the C3PAO assigns the Lead Assessor, what is the next step in the process?

30. You are evaluating an OSC for compliance with CMMC Level 2 practices. During your assessment of SC controls, you use a series of assessment methods to understand how effectively the OSC has implemented them. The OSC has a documented security policy outlining user roles and responsibilities. The OSC's system and communications protection policy states that basic user and privileged functionalities are separated. They have deployed Azure AD to help enforce this requirement through identity management.

Interviews with system administrators reveal they have elevated privileges for system management tasks. A review of system configuration settings shows separate user accounts for standard users and administrators. However, you notice that some employees use personal cloud storage services for storing work documents.

Based on CMMC practice SC.L2-3.13.3-Role Separation, which of the following findings from the scenario is MOST concerning?

31. Mobile devices are increasingly becoming important in many contractors' day-to-day activities. Thus, the contractors must institute measures to ensure they are correctly identified, and that any connections are authorized, monitored, and logged, especially if the devices or their connections process, store, or transmit CUI.

You have been hired to assess a contractor's implementation of CMMC practices, one of which is AC. L2.3.1.18 (Mobile Device Connections). To successfully test the access control capabilities authorizing mobile device connections to organizational systems, you must first identify what a mobile device is.

Which of the following options does NOT describe a mobile device?

32. An OSC is preparing for a CMMC assessment. It has multiple information systems, some of which process CUI and others that do not. The OSC has identified a specific system that processes CUI and defined this as its System Boundary. However, this system is connected to other systems within the OSC that are separately authorized and do not process CUI.

As a Certified CMMC Assessor, which of the following best describes your approach to defining the CMMC Certification Boundary and Assessment Scope for the OSC?

33. A software development company wins a DoD contract requiring CMMC Level 2. The company is small and has one main office. However, it outsources some data storage requirements to a cloud service provider (CSP).

What type of organization would the cloud service provider be considered in the CMMC assessment scope?

34. During a readiness assessment for CoolPlanes Inc., Liz, a CCA, discovers a folder of technical drawings and illustrations of the aircraft that CoolPlanes produces. Liz has a younger brother, J.D., who loves airplanes. She thinks a large printed copy of one of the illustrations would make an excellent gift for J.D.'s birthday next month. She copies the drawing and sends it to be printed on a large canvas when she gets home.

Which principle of the CMMC Code of Professional Conduct did Liz most likely violate?

35. John, a Certified CMMC Assessor, has been conducting CMMC assessments for several years. During a recent assessment at a defense contractor, he encountered several issues similar to challenges he had faced in previous assessments. John's interpretation of the contractor's practices was influenced by his past experiences.

Which of the following is TRUE about John's interpretation?

36. A defense contractor retains your services to assess their information systems for CMMC compliance, particularly configuration management. The contractor uses CFEngine 3 for automated configuration and maintenance of its computer systems and networks. While chatting with the network’s system admins, you realize they have deployed a modern compliance checking and monitoring tool. However, when examining their configuration management policy, you notice the contractor uses different security configurations than those recommended by product vendors. The system administrator informs you they do this to meet the minimum configuration baselines required to achieve compliance and align with organizational policy.

When examining the contractor's security configuration checklists, which of the following parameters are you NOT likely to find?

37. You are the lead CMMC assessor evaluating a defense contractor that develops advanced surveillance equipment and software for intelligence agencies. Given the sensitive nature of their work, the contractor has implemented robust insider threat monitoring.

During your assessment, you find out that the contractor's insider threat program tracks indicators like unauthorized data access attempts, unexplained wealth changes, workplace disputes, and disruptive behavior changes. The contractor also has regular security awareness training covering reporting potential insider threats via an anonymous hotline and web portal. High-risk roles like developers with classified codebase access receive additional insider threat vector training and are closely monitored. To verify all this, you interview the CISO, who confirms their implementation of CMMC practice AT.L2-3.2.3-Insider Threat Awareness.

How would you score the contractor's implementation of CMMC practice AT-L2-3.2.3-Insider Threat Awareness based on your evaluation?

38. Pre-assessment planning is integral to the CMMC Assessment Process (CAP). You are part of a team conducting pre-assessment planning for an OSC.

Completing a pre-assessment plan is an integral part of the CAP and includes doing all the following, EXCEPT what?

39. Before an OSC categorizes its assets into different categories, it must determine the scope of applicability. However, after discussing with the OSC PoC, you learn that although they follow CUI and FCI in all forms and stages, they are mostly considered technical components.

What is the issue with the OSC's approach to determining the scope of applicability?

40. When undertaking their duties, an Assessment Team concludes there are gaps the OSC should address before certification. Displeased with the results, the OSC contracts another C3PAO, which convenes an Assessment Team to reassess it. The second Assessment Team finds the OSC has adequately implemented all 110 CMMC practices and issues a certification. Both C3PAOs are bound to the OSC by an NDA.

What should you do if the findings from the other C3PAO contradict your assessment?